TeleVue 85 Telescope

Above: TeleVue 85mm telescope (S/N B0001 part of Company Seven's collection) in optional Brass construction. Shown with lens shade retracted for transport, on the optional TeleVue Brass/Walnut Panoramic Mount, eyepiece not shown.

In March 1993 TeleVue introduced the 70mm "Pronto" ED doublet refractor telescope. While highly successful for birding and accepted by the astronomy community as a whole, Company Seven believed that a need was not being met for a telescope of improved performance for astronomy. The Pronto has the field of view and versatility for many uses however, it's design limits it to about 150X and so we judged this to be just below the threshold necessary to routinely obtain meaningful views of the planets. Martin Cohen, and others regularly asked Al Nagler of TeleVue, and Roland Christen of Astro-Physics to develop the idea of an about 80mm f7 well corrected Apochromatic telescope, with a 2" focuser and degree of correction that would result in performance suitable for observing the "Messier Catalog", and the planets, while also retaining good portability. Well, Al Nagler listened and in June 1998 he responded by introducing the 85mm telescope and since then the 85 telescope has become so well regarded in many applications, and so many customers are buying the 85 as a first telescope, or as a versatile traveling second telescope.

Left: TeleVue 85mm telescope with lens shade extended in Ivory finish, on optional TeleVue TelePod Mount head (171,973 bytes).
Click on image to seen enlarged view (460,364 bytes)

This telescope has become so well regarded in many applications, and so many customers are buying the 85 as a second telescope, or finder that in April 2001 TeleVue announced it would be made available in two basic hardware configurations:

• Optical Tube Only - the 85 telescope with 2 inch focuser, carrying bag.

              and

• Complete Telescope - as above but with Mounting Collar, 2" Everbrite Diagonal, 2" to 1.25" Reducer, and TeleVue 20mm Plossl eyepiece.

Customers who own no telescope accessories usually should buy the entire complete telescope package since it is usually not cost effective to buy all other accessories "Ala Carte". Customers who already own a telescope with accessories, and who are willing to share a diagonal and eyepiece may do well to buy the optical tube only.

PERFORMANCE

The objective lens of the 85 is of an SD air spaced doublet design where two lenses (crown and flint) are matched to work as one; the positive element is of a fluorocrown substitute with special dispersion glass. This design allows very good color correction - appearing excellent to most people. While spherical correction is very good also, with the air gap contributing to this correction. Images of the stars and the planets are presented in their natural colors, daytime objects viewed at commonly used magnifications will appear quite three dimensional and sharp and high contrast without annoying purple fringes (secondary color) common to less sophisticated refractors.

The objective's four air to glass surfaces have a multilayer antireflection coatings that improves overall light transmission to greater than 94% in the visual wavelengths. So, the system has about 140 times the light gathering power of the unaided human eye making it through the objective lens. On most nights, the settling down time for the lens is on the order of minutes, and even in subfreezing conditions it rarely requires more than 30 minutes to acclimate from typical room temperature.

The lens is so well figured that it is capable of operating at 200X or more cleanly with optional eyepieces; this reaches that threshold necessary to routinely obtain meaningful views of the planets showing several bands and their shades of color (beige, tan, browns) on Jupiter, the Cassini division on Saturn, the polar cap on a fiery red Mars. With an eyepiece that shows 1/2 degree field or so, take a walk on our apparently three dimensional Moon! or follow its terminator throughout the moons phases (optional neutral density filter suggested to tone down its brightness). It can resolve objects on the moon as small as 5.3 km in diameter; it will see the four largest moons of Jupiter and their shadows cast on the surface when they transit past the planet!

All 85 models delivered since February 1999 include a refined TeleVue 2 inch diameter "Everbrite" diagonal (or "zenith") mirror. The "Everbrite" mirror features a very high-tech dielectric coating (developed originally for military optics used in hostile environments such as blowing desert sand) which provide optimum performance and years of use. This new TeleVue 2 inch diagonal has no aluminum or other reflective metal coating. Instead, the reflective surface consists of 52 layers of thin film oxides similar to those used in antireflection coatings. The coatings are deposited by an electron beam evaporator at a high temperature. The result is that reflectivity is above 99% over the entire 4000 to 7000 Angstrom photo-visual range. Thin film coatings have extremely low surface scatter compared to aluminum or enhanced aluminum coatings; examination with a laser source shows approximately a 5 fold improvement in surface scatter.

The mirror diagonal provides a comfortable viewing position for the observer by diverting the image at the rear of the telescope off axis by 90 degrees to the side, with minimal degradation of image quality. The view when using the telescope as it is provided will appear to be right side up, and is reversed left to right; this is not usually a problem for astronomy or nature observing because the image quality provided by the high quality mirror and 2 inch diameters panoramic oculars is exceptional.

While Company Seven does offer optional 45 degree inclined image erecting prisms, these prisms can only accommodate 1.25 inch oculars. Furthermore, the erecting prisms will not provide image quality to equal that of a good mirror diagonal, this is particularly perceptible at higher magnifications. However, for moderate to medium magnification applications where one needs correct images (such as to read numbers, etc.) then the prism should be suitable.

Left: TeleVue 85mm telescope on optional TeleVue TelePod Mount head (151,239 bytes).
Click on image to seen enlarged view (396,622 bytes)

With TeleVue's 2" focuser and a matched wide angle ocular the 85 reveals its extraordinary wide field of view ability showing up to 4.6 degrees at 11X to reveal the entire "Messier Catalog" of deep sky wonders, or to be employed for panoramic viewing of a seashore or countryside. Imagine a telescope that at a dark sky site has the combination of resolving power and field of view to sweep the Milky Way, see the Double Cluster in Perseus (NGC-869), find the Andromeda galaxy (M-31) and see it's ellipsoid shape, and see the form of large Nebulae such as the Veil and North American Nebulae! With a 55mm Plossl our TeleVue 85 can reveal all three stars of Orion's belt, closer in it reveals the jewel like stars of the Trapezium - a birthplace of stars, with a sweeping wisps of greenish gas clouds surrounding it. With a higher magnification M13 (the Hercules star cluster) takes on a "salt and pepper" appearance even from suburban skies on a clear night. By the time one finds a large enough aperture catadioptric, reflecting, or achromatic refractor to see similar detail, then one can only see a fraction of their area due to the relatively high focal length of these competing telescopes; imagine trying to observe the night sky through a straw!

In fact, one of the finest advertisements ever published for a telescope concept is the book Deep-Sky Companions: The Messier Objects where the author Stephen O'Meara sought to keep the drawings relevant to the amateur. To produce the highly detailed drawings of these celestial objects Stephen chose to observe with the second generation TeleVue "Genesis" telescope (4" aperture, 500mm f5) - a telescope about 17 per cent brighter than the 85, and not as well color corrected. This book has become one of our best advertisements for the versatile, readily transportable compact Apo telescopes. Incidentally to keep things simple, and relate as much as possible to the average amateur observer Stephen chose to use the telescope on the simple but sturdy TeleVue alt-azimuth mount with wood tripod. He equipped the telescope with only a modest selection of accessories: TeleVue 22mm "Panoptic" eyepiece (providing 23X, 2.85 Degrees Actual Field of View), a 7mm Nagler eyepiece (71X, 1.08 AFOV), and a TeleVue Barlow lens to increase the magnification by 1.8X.

The 85 compares favorably against many telescopes in field of view:

• 1.9 at 22X for a common 80mm achromatic refractor,
• 1.4 at 31X for a common 8"f6 reflecting telescope,
• 1.3 degrees at 32X for an 8" Schmidt-Cassegrain (operating with an optional telecompressor lens)
• 1.3 degrees at 32X for an 3-1/2" Maksutov-Cassegrain.

In fairness, the cost the 85 (equipped with either an optional Alt-Az or Equatorial mount) is positioned at a higher cost than most of the above telescopes. And as a practical matter for some applications in astronomy the nominal match of the "85" exit pupil to an average human eye will be obtained at magnifications of between 17X and 12X, while the best performance will be obtained at all magnifications if a wise choice of well corrected oculars is made - this is not attainable with several of the simpler eyepiece designs. Also consider that an optional good quality "Barlow" amplifying (negative) lens, or long eye relief TeleVue "Radian" ocular (introduced in 1999) will usually be put into use to attain the highest use able magnifications.

For film photography, the telescope (with our optional camera adapters) becomes a 600 f7 ED ultra telephoto lens, showing about 4.1 degrees across the diagonal of a 35mm camera film plane. And for CCD imaging operations the telescope at prime focus can show about one degree across the diagonal of a common 2/3" detector (such as that employed on some of our SBIG CCD systems. Optional techniques and hardware permit imaging of the planets, or of wildlife at much higher magnifications.

With optional 2" and 3" long x 2" diameter extension tubes, it is possible to observe at distances of as close as ten feet for use as a "long distance microscope".

A particular joy of this instrument is that with a suitable mount is at the limit for those who prefer a completely "carryon luggage" degree of portability. Few larger refractors may be carried on, but then these will require a notably heavier mount that must be packaged and checked in separately. The TeleVue 85 can operate with a much lighter weight camera tripod, ideally with a well designed alt-azimuth head such as the TeleVue "Telepod"; such a head design maintains the telescope well balanced throughout its travel to zenith, and this head has adjustable elevation ad azimuth clutches. Furthermore, this is a telescope one can grow with since most of the accessories that one would buy for this telescope are upwardly compatible with any larger telescope that one is likely to buy at Company Seven.

MECHANICAL CONSTRUCTION

The 85mm has a fully machined aluminum front cell to house the objective lens and focuser housing. The objective lens is permanently aligned to the barrel as is the focuser assembly. Unless subjected to gross abuse this telescope can provide several lifetimes of service with no need for any other than cleaning of the front surface of the objective lens using common camera lens cleaning techniques. Company Seven does offer optional highly perfected protective and polarizing filters that can provide protection to the front element of the telescope. But while dew and typical evening frost will not harm the telescope (optional heaters can prevent these nuisances from prematurely shutting down your evening session) the telescope and conventional eyepieces are not waterproof immersible.

The 85 incorporates a retracting dew shield/lens shade which is threaded for our optional filters. Also provided is a thread on lens cover of machined aluminum in a tube assembly that has an overall length of only 21-7/8 inches with its 2 inch diagonal attached.

The precision TeleVue 2 inch focuser is of a rack and pinion design with a tension/lock screw; this is one of the smoothest focusers made. The 1-1/2 inch diameter machined aluminum hand knobs resemble model car mag wheels. The knob hand grips are rubber covered to facilitate operation in all extremes; even when wearing gloves all the controls on the telescope are easy to manipulate. Its' construction is rugged and will allow it to withstand handling that is typical of airline travel however, some care should be taken to protect the focuser pinion of this or any similar telescope from severe impact.

The focuser lock set screw has an easy to grip knurled head, this permits one to adjust resistance of the focuser to its draw tube thereby compensating for heavy loads that might otherwise cause an unintended shift of focus. The lock screw that is in the draw tube ring at the proximal (to the operator) end of the draw tube adjusts tension to retain accessories such as the 2 inch diagonal, or a camera. This set screw is captive and so it will not easily come out.

Right: TeleVue 85 telescope 2 inch focuser without accessories, showing no mar clamp lock mechanism (53,195 bytes).

The mounting collar is a two piece bracket provided with the complete TeleVue 85 telescopes. It is an option for TeleVue 85 optical tubes sold alone. On one side of the collar is an Allen head screw (wrench provided - but not necessary), while on the other side is a tension adjustment knob. This design permits one to adjust the grip on the barrel so that the telescope may be easily moved back and forth to compensate for changes of accessory loads that may affect the balance of the telescope on a mount. For photography, this collar be snugged tight to reduce or eliminate undue wavering of the telescope in the collar. For those interested in applications such as astrophotography or CCD imaging, Company Seven can provide optional conventional mounting rings (by the pair) which will also accommodate options including photo guide telescopes. The fabric lined mounting collar has three 1/4"-20 tpi threaded sockets in the base to facilitate mounting the telescope onto a variety of tripods and mounts. At the 10:30 and 1: 30 o'clock positions on the top of the collar there is a dovetail platform to accommodate a variety of TeleVue options including the "Starbeam" sight, or a "Piggycam" piggyback photography mount.

Configurations: Since many people who will buy this telescope already own some components that are compatible, and others wish to buy only the optical tube for use as a super "finder" or photo guidescope for a larger telescope, TeleVue makes the 85 available in two basic hardware configurations:

• Optical Tube Only - the telescope with 2 inch focuser, carrying bag.

  and

• Complete Telescope - as above but with Mounting Collar, 2" Everbrite Diagonal, 2" to 1.25" Reducer, 20mm Plossl Eyepiece.

Each is available with the optical tube finished in either Green or Ivory, or in Brass construction (illustrated above).

The TeleVue 90 degree 2 inch diameter "Everbrite" precision mirror diagonal (1/10th wave P-V quoted) has a durable reflective coating described above. The male 2 inch barrel is threaded to accept 48mm photo and visual filters. The interior is fully anti reflection ribbed and coated.

Left: TeleVue Everbrite 2" Mirror Diagonal and to the right is the TeleVue 2" to 1.25" Reducer. Notice their no mar clamp lock mechanisms (64,909 bytes).

A 2 inch to 1.25 inch reducer adapter is furnished to permit the use of 1.25 inch diameter accessories. This diagonal permits an observer to employ any of a broad selection of 2 or 1.25 inch diameter oculars. The lock screw with a knurled head that is at the proximal (to the operator) end of the female 2 inch barrel adjusts tension to retain accessories such as the 2 to 1.25 inch reducer or lenses; this set screw is captive and so it too will not easily come out.

The front lens cell, focuser housing, mounting collar, and diagonal are finished in a lustrous black satin anodizing. The aluminum barrel is powder coated in the customer's choice of either a mottled "Forest Green", or powder coated in a neutral Ivory finish, or in Brass construction. The optical tube assembly is finished black internally with an efficient antireflective method unique to TeleVue telescopes.

The telescope is furnished with a dense polyester foam lined nylon carrying case with a zippered lid. This case has extra space to accommodate a selection of several 1.25 or 2 inch oculars, camera adapter, etc. And in a nice touch the case has a cutout provision for the "Starbeam" or Rigel QwikFinder sights.

TELEVUE 85mm f7 TELESCOPE SPECIFICATIONS

Every U.S. registered buyer of this new telescope will receive The Next Step - Finding and Viewing Messier's Objects! A copy autographed by the author Ken Graun will be mailed by TeleVue to any U.S. customer who buys and registers any TeleVue telescope after 15 September 2005 at no cost.

This is a convenient astronomy guide book written for those who may be newer to the hobby, or who appreciate a more fun approach to reading. This book is an interesting read for those who appreciate the historical insights to the life of Charles Messier (b. 26 June 1730 in Lorraine France, d. 12 April 1817 in Paris), the French astronomer who gave us the Messier Objects catalog of celestial wonders. The author performed extensive research in the USA and overseas to accumulate the knowledge that he conveys in a very readable format. A delightfully illustrated handy book with some beautiful color pictures, color illustrations and charts, and with black and white photo plates of the Messier Objects. The book features photos with visual descriptions by the author with a TeleVue 101 4 Inch f/5.4 and TeleVue 102 4 inch f/8.6 apochromat refracting telescopes.

Company Seven recommends this to those who wish to read an introduction to using amateur telescopes and learn how to use them to star hop or navigate into these first hundred or so deep sky objects. It is well illustrated, good and entertaining reading, and suitable for most children at Junior High/Middle School levels up to adults.

Please refer to our TeleVue News article of 15 September 2005 for more information about this free Ken Graun book promotion.

SUGGESTIONS

• Panoramic Mount: Cradles the telescope at its center of gravity for ideal balance at any viewing position. Vertical travel from -17 degrees (below horizon) up to +85 degrees, with full 360 degree rotation. Head is precisely machined of black anodized aluminum, with brass bearings and clutches on both axes. American ash wood tripod, two section extension design, with accessory tray/leg brace.
  
  
• Telepod Head: Head provides vertical travel from -17 degrees (below horizon) up to +85 degrees, with full 360 degree rotation. It is precisely machined of black anodized aluminum, with brass bearings and clutches on both axes. Can be attached to most camera tripods.
  
  
• "Starbeam" Finder: Beautifully machined and black anodized aluminum, on a quick release machined hardware. Battery powered illuminator is adjustable in brightness; it projects a 10 arc minute diameter red dot onto a transparent 40mm clear aperture window so that the dot appears to be over wherever the scope is pointed. Six arc minute accuracy make "star hopping" easy.
  
  
• Eyepieces: Plossl, Orthoscopic, traditional Erfle wide angle eyepieces show sharp images most of the field of view when employed with faster focal ratio telescopes such as this is. These eyepieces are acceptable as long as you realize this limitation and find this unobtrusive. However, if you object to less than perfect images to the edge of the field, then Company Seven recommends more sophisticated the TeleVue "Nagler", "Radian", or "Panoptic" series eyepieces. These oculars have the best flat field images and will bring out the most in your "85" (and many other) telescope. A 35mm to 55mm focal length eyepiece can also make the main telescope also serve as your finder. Please refer to the brochure and the test report/data generated by Company Seven enclosed with our telescopes for descriptions of these items and additional accessories.
  
  The telescope is furnished with a TeleVue 20mm Plossl eyepiece providing 1.6 degrees Actual Field of View at 30X magnification. This eyepiece pales in comparison to the optional sophisticated wide angle eyepieces we recommend (offering up to 3 degrees at similar magnification) but the 20mm Plossl is an economical choice that gets the buyer up and running with clear views.
  
  Company Seven provides excellent technical support and advice and in addition to the factory literature we include printed information with each telescope that will help you to make wise decisions. But basically speaking, the typical observer will want to be equipped with at least three magnifications. These may be accomplished by the proper selection of optional eyepieces, possibly with a magnification increasing lens that may double (or more) the magnification of the telescopes.
  • most people want to see changing features on the planets Jupiter, Mars, Saturn, and Venus. For these objects, it will be best to equip the telescope to operate at about 200X or so. The simple alt azimuth mounts such as the Telepod limit the observing to about 200X, so to exceed this we suggest the use of tracking equatorial mounts.
    
    
  • For Deep Sky (and nature/terrestrial) observing, or for use as a finder telescope we suggest you equip the telescope with relatively low magnification wide field of view ocular on the order of 30X or so.
    
    
  • Many people enjoy having an eyepiece that provides about 1/2 degree or so field of view since this can provide good close up views of the full Moon, the Sun (with optional solar filter), many deep sky objects, and terrestrial objects (on steadier days).

• Equalizer: A slip fit machined bronze, heavy 2 to 1.25 inch diameter reducer adapter. Helps to keep telescope balance when switching to and from light and heavy accessories and eyepieces. Particularly helpful when using telescope with Alt-Azimuth mounts.
  
  
• Barlow Lens: Company Seven suggests you consider any of a number of 1.25 inch or 2 inch diameter Barlow lenses that we offer to double or more than triple your magnification. Contact us for suggestions on how to to best meet your goals.
  
  
• Field Flattener/0.8X Telecompressor: slides into the 2 inch barrel of the TeleVue 85 telescope focuser. This makes the 85mm telescope perform as a 480mm f5.5 Flat Field telescope, with only very slight vignetting at the extreme corners of the film negative. Requires only an optional "T-Adapter" ring for Nikon, Minolta, etc. Test photos taken with a prototype lens on a TeleVue 85 (by Chris Cook - look at his Web site), and a wonderful 1-1/3 page wide photo of the Andromeda Galaxy appear in "Astronomy" magazine.
  
  
• TeleVue 1.25 Inch Prism Diagonal: 45 degree 1.25 inch diameter precision image erecting prism diagonal with high transmission coating. This is a good choice for those who must have an image erect and correct left to right view, and who do not intend to use the telescope at higher magnifications.

SOME TELEVUE EYEPIECE SPECIFICATIONS WITH THE 85: